Meaning & Work in the 21st Century

written by art historian & curator

Mihaela Manolche

Imagine a world where work is not just a means to an end but a source of genuine fulfilment.  The daily grind is not a monotonous slog but a journey fuelled by purpose and connection.  This is the evolving reality of the 21st-century workplace. We entered an era in which the pursuit of meaning transcended the traditional focus on pay checks and promotions. A profound shift is underway driven by a generation that yearns for work that resonates with their values, contributes to something larger than themselves, and offers a sense of genuine purpose. 


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This quest for meaning is not just a personal pursuit; it is a powerful force reshaping the very fabric of work. From the rise of purpose-driven companies to the anxieties surrounding automation and the resounding statement of the Great Resignation, the search for meaning in our professional lives has become a defining characteristic of work in the 21st century. Let us explore how this search for meaning is transforming the landscape of work and what it means for individuals and organisations, as well as the future of how we earn  and live our lives.

The Rise of Purpose-Driven Work

For generations, work was often viewed as a means to an end – a way to earn a living and to support oneself and one’s family. While financial security remains important, a significant portion of today’s workforce, particularly the younger generations, seeks more than just a salary. They crave work that aligns with their values, contributes to something larger than themselves, and offers a sense of purpose. This shift has led to the rise of purpose-driven work, in which individuals prioritize jobs that have a positive impact on the world, whether through social change, environmental sustainability, or simply contributing to a meaningful product or service.


Great Resignation
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Great Resignation

This desire for purpose has significant implications for organisations. Companies are increasingly recognising that attracting and retaining top talent requires more than competitive compensation. They must create a culture that emphasises purpose, communicates a clear vision, and provides employees with opportunities to make a difference. This can involve initiatives such as defining a clear mission and values to help employees connect with the company’s view and feel that their work is meaningful. Empowering employees is another way to provide them with autonomy, responsibility, and opportunities for growth, which allows them to feel a greater sense of ownership and purpose in their work. In particular, the younger generations are interested in creating a culture of impact that translates into valuable contributions to social or environmental causes, either through company-sponsored initiatives or individual volunteering. 

Finally, another initiative could be connecting work to impact, a capability of the company to demonstrate how individual contributions directly impact the company’s overall mission and the world at large. This can boost employee morale and engagement significantly. Thus, the rise of purpose-driven work is not just a trend; it is a fundamental shift in our view of our careers. This reflects the growing recognition that work can be more than just a job; it can be a source of meaning, fulfilment, and positive impact.

The Uncertain Future of Meaningful Work

As technology continues to advance at an unprecedented pace, fear of automation replacing human jobs has increased. Although automation undoubtedly brings about efficiency and productivity gains, it also raises concerns about the future of meaningful work. Will robots and AI perform tasks that currently provide humans with a sense of purpose and accomplishment? This question is significant, particularly in industries that are susceptible to automation. While some jobs will undoubtedly be displaced, it is also important to recognize that automation can create new opportunities.

Some key considerations regarding the changing nature of work include concepts such as reinventing ourselves and requiring workers to adapt and develop new skills. This may involve focusing on tasks that require more creativity, critical thinking, emotional intelligence, and complex problem-solving skills, which are currently difficult to automate. The rise of new industries and roles is a direct consequence of automation. We may see the emergence of entirely new roles that we cannot even imagine today.

Another aspect for future work is the importance of lifelong learning. In a rapidly changing work environment, lifelong learning and continuous skill development are crucial for individuals to remain relevant and find meaning in their work. This leads us to the potential for human-AI collaboration. Rather than viewing automation as a threat, we should explore opportunities for human-AI collaboration. By combining human skills with AI capabilities, we can create more efficient and innovative solutions. Of course, the future of meaningful work in the age of automation has not been predetermined. It depends on how we adapt, innovate, and prepare for the changing landscape. However, by focusing on developing unique human skills, fostering creativity, and embracing lifelong learning, we can ensure that automation enhances, rather than diminishes, the ability to find meaning in our work.

The Great Resignation

The Great Resignation, a period of widespread voluntary resignations beginning in 2021, serves as a powerful testament to the growing importance of meaning in work. Millions of people left their jobs during this period, often seeking opportunities that offered greater flexibility, better work-life balance, and, most importantly, a stronger sense of purpose. The Great Resignation was not simply about people wanting higher salaries; it was a collective cry for meaningful engagement in their work.

This phenomenon highlights several key issues:

Disconnection and Burnout. Many employees felt disconnected from their work, their colleagues, and their organisations. Long hours, demanding workloads, and a lack of recognition have contributed to widespread burnout, leading individuals to question the meaning of their work.

Re-evaluation of Priorities. The pandemic forced many people to reevaluate their priorities and what they truly valued in their lives. This led some to realise that their current jobs did not fulfil their needs for purpose and meaning.  

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Demand for Flexibility and Autonomy. The rise in remote work during the pandemic has demonstrated the benefits of flexibility and autonomy. Many employees sought jobs that offered greater control over their schedules and work environments.   

Seeking Purpose and Impact. The Great Resignation was also driven by the desire for work that had a positive impact. People wanted to feel that their contributions mattered, and that they were making a difference.

The Great Resignation served as a wake-up call for organisations. This underscored the importance of creating a workplace culture that valued employees, fostered a sense of purpose, and provided opportunities for growth and development. Companies that fail to address these needs risk losing their best talent to organisations that prioritize meaning and engagement.

Organisations that recognise and respond to this shift are best positioned to attract, retain, and motivate their employees. This requires a fundamental rethinking of how we approach work, moving beyond the traditional focus on productivity and profit to prioritize purpose, connection, and contribution. This transformation requires collaborative effort. Individuals must actively seek work that aligns with their values and provides a sense of purpose. Organisations must create a culture that fosters meaning and provides opportunities for growth and development. Educational institutions must prepare future generations with the skills and mindsets needed to thrive in a rapidly changing work environment.

The quest for meaning in work is not a fleeting trend; it is a human evolution. What if, instead of just having a job, we crafted our work around our passions, contributing to something larger than ourselves, while simultaneously thriving? This is not a utopian dream; it is the untapped potential of the 21st-century workforce. Let us stop discussing ”meaningful work” as a perk and start building systems that empower individuals to find their purpose through their work. Let us co-create a future in which the daily grind transforms into a source of energy, innovation, and genuine fulfilment.


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